STABILIZING THE ENVIRONMENTAL SITUATION IN TASHKENT CITY: WATER RESOURCE POLLUTION AND ECOLOGICAL MECHANISMS FOR ITS REDUCTION

Abstract

This article provides a scientific analysis of water pollution as one of the key factors affecting the environmental sustainability of Tashkent, with particular attention to major anthropogenic pollution sources and environmental risks to aquatic ecosystems. The study aims to identify the principal factors contributing to the pollution of water resources in Tashkent and hydrologically connected areas, assess their environmental implications, and develop scientifically grounded recommendations for reducing anthropogenic pressure on water bodies. The methodological framework combines systems analysis, comparative analysis, content analysis of scientific and official sources, cause-and-effect analysis, and the synthesis of environmental monitoring data. The findings indicate that the ecological condition of Tashkent's water resources is shaped by the combined effects of industrial and municipal wastewater discharges, urbanisation, urban surface runoff, increasing pressure on sewerage infrastructure, and intensive water use. The study substantiates the need to modernise local wastewater treatment facilities at industrial enterprises, improve wastewater treatment efficiency, introduce automated environmental monitoring systems, expand the safe reuse of treated wastewater, and strengthen the implementation of integrated water resources management principles. The findings have practical relevance for improving environmental policy and water governance mechanisms aimed at enhancing the long-term environmental sustainability of Tashkent.